径向进气多管脉冲爆震发动机试验研究

为了缩短脉冲爆震发动机燃料/空气混气的充填时间,设计加工了旋转筒控制间歇进气的多爆震室PDE原型机,并开展了试验研究。试验结果表明,原型机在总频率60Hz条件下可以稳定间歇工作,并且产生了450N的正向推力。     

射频干扰对InSAR干涉处理的影响分析

窄带干扰是低频段InSAR系统面临的主要射频干扰之一,它的存在会对干涉相位产生严重影响,进而导致高程反演误差。本文推导了窄带干扰影响下的InSAR干涉相位的解析表达式,给出了干涉相位对窄带干扰各参数的敏感度方程,仿真分析了窄带干扰对P波段InSAR系统干涉处理的影响。结果表明,窄带干扰经过成像后其幅度调制函数近似为方位时间的sinc函数,在SAR图像中表现为沿距离向的干扰条带。干涉相位对窄带干扰信号的功率较敏感,对其频率较不敏感,干涉相位和高程反演误差随着干信比的增加而增加。     

Homologous flare–CME events and their metric type II radio burst association

Active region NOAA 11158 produced many flares during its disk passage. At least two of these flares can be considered as homologous: the C6.6 flare at 06:51 UT and C9.4 flare at 12:41 UT on February 14, 2011. Both flares occurred at the same location (eastern edge of the active region) and have a similar decay of the GOES soft X-ray light curve. The associated coronal mass ejections (CMEs) were slow (334 and 337 km/s) and of similar apparent widths (43° and 44°), but they had different radio signatures. The second event was associated with a metric type II burst while the first one was not. The COR1 coronagraphs on board the STEREO spacecraft clearly show that the second CME propagated into the preceding CME that occurred 50 min before. These observations suggest that CME–CME interaction might be a key process in exciting the type II radio emission by slow CMEs.     

An innovative navigation scheme of powered descent phase for Mars pinpoint landing

Pinpoint landing (within 100 m from the target) is essential for future Mars exploration missions. This paper deals with one aspect of the pinpoint landing architecture—the navigation performance improvement during the powered descent phase, and proposes an innovative navigation scheme to obtain the vehicle complete and accurate states. On the basis of dead reckoning relying on the Inertial Measurement Unit, measurements of the Integrated Doppler Radar are adopted to correct the vehicle velocity and altitude. Distance between the vehicle and one Mars Orbiter as well as their line-of-sight relative velocity is measured by a radio sensor, and integrated in the filter to correct the vehicle horizontal position. The innovative navigation system is based on an Extend Kalman Filter. Two observation schemes are developed. One considers measurements of the Integrated Doppler Radar and radio range measurement. Another further considers radio velocity measurement. The performance of the innovative navigation scheme is greatly influenced by the position of the Mars Orbiter with respect to the target. Stochastic analyses are performed to obtain optimal locations of Mars Orbiter. Finally, the innovative navigation scheme performances are assessed through stochastic simulations. Its performance improvements are demonstrated by comparison with the Integrated Doppler Radar only navigation scheme.     

富氢/富氧燃气气-气喷嘴热试

针对全流量补燃循环发动机气-气燃烧关键技术,设计了以气动谐振点火器为点火装置的气氢/气氧富氧预燃室、气氢/气氧富氢预燃室和气-气喷嘴燃烧室,开展了同轴剪切喷嘴气-气燃烧试验研究。试验结果表明,试验方案设计合理,系统稳定可靠,气-气喷嘴燃烧效率最高达到97.2%。随氧喷注器压降增加,燃烧室壁面的热载荷增加,燃烧效率降低。     

普通高校计算机专业大学生就业问题探析

计算机专业如何迎战IT就业＂寒流＂,提高就业率和就业质量,这是众多高校共同关注的问题。在分析就业形势,认真查找普通高校计算机专业大学生存在问题的基础上,并提出了解决目前IT学生就业的对策和措施。     

对转压气机数值模拟及实验研究

以设计的某对转压气机试验台为研究对象,分别应用数值模拟和试验手段对设计转速、典型工作状态下压气机性能和流场细微结构进行了研究。计算结果表明:压气机压比特性与试验值吻合较好,计算效率较试验值偏高;在近失速点压气机第二排转子叶片吸力面近尖部10%叶展范围内,最先出现导致叶片失速的大范围分离和低能堵塞团;第一排转子叶片尖部尾缘处附面层较厚并伴随有分离现象,使得下游叶片来流发生较大畸变。     

政府采购扶持科技型中小企业发展的对策建议

我国科技型中小企业是科技创新的主要力量,但存在制约其发展的诸多问题,如融资难、科技投入不足、竞争力弱等,说明科技型中小企业需要得到政府的扶持。发达国家的成功经验可供我国参考,即具有明确的政府采购扶持中小企业的管理制度,具有有效的监督和申诉制度,积极扶持科技型中小企业开拓国内外政府采购市场。我国政府可利用政府采购来扶持科技型中小企业。具体对策是：完善政府采购的法律制度,加强对知识产权的保护力度,制定科技型产品及国货的认证制度,加大采购力度,建立中小企业管理委员会,完善政府采购监督机制。     

RTCA协议下北斗完好性降效参数算法设计及检验

目前我国北斗导航增强系统的完好性参数设计缺少针对差分信息有效性的降效参数设计,不满足航空无线电委员会（RTCA）提出的接口协议,无法同国际其他GNSS星基增强系统相兼容。根据RTCA接口协议,针对我国卫星导航系统的完好性降效参数处理算法进行了研究,利用北斗实测数据分析了完好性降效参数对用户增强服务的影响,验证了算法的有效性。结果表明,正常情况下,北斗导航系统增强服务三维定位精度可达到113m。当用户丢失部分差分改正信息时,定位精度约144m,精度下降约274%,利用完好性降效参数对过期差分信息进行降效处理,优化定位权阵,可将定位精度提高至117m,达到正常增强服务水平。     

RF communications subsystem for the Radiation Belt Storm Probes mission

The NASA Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RBSP) mission, currently in Phase B, is a two-spacecraft, Earth-orbiting mission, which will launch in 2012. The spacecraft's S-band radio frequency (RF) telecommunications subsystem has three primary functions: provide spacecraft command capability, provide spacecraft telemetry and science data return, and provide accurate Doppler data for navigation. The primary communications link to the ground is via the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory's (JHU/APL) 18 m dish, with secondary links to the NASA 13 m Ground Network and the Tracking and Data Relay Spacecraft System (TDRSS) in single-access mode. The on-board RF subsystem features the APL-built coherent transceiver and in-house builds of a solid-state power amplifier and conical bifilar helix broad-beam antennas. The coherent transceiver provides coherency digitally, and controls the downlink data rate and encoding within its field-programmable gate array (FPGA). The transceiver also provides a critical command decoder (CCD) function, which is used to protect against box-level upsets in the C&DH subsystem. Because RBSP is a spin-stabilized mission, the antennas must be symmetric about the spin axis. Two broad-beam antennas point along both ends of the spin axis, providing communication coverage from boresight to 70°. An RF splitter excites both antennas; therefore, the mission is designed such that no communications are required close to 90° from the spin axis due to the interferometer effect from the two antennas. To maximize the total downlink volume from the spacecraft, the CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP) has been baselined for the RBSP mission. During real-time ground contacts with the APL ground station, downlinked files are checked for errors. Handshaking between flight and ground CFDP software results in requests to retransmit only the file fragments lost due to dropouts. This allows minimization of RF link margins, thereby maximizing data rate and thus data volume.